A high-throughput, ultrafast, and online three-phase electro-extraction method for analysis of trace level pharmaceuticals

Sample preparation is often reported as the main bottleneck of analytical processes. To meet requirements both high-throughput and high sensitivity, improved sample-preparation methods capable fast analyte preconcentration are urgently needed. this end, a new three-phase electroextraction (EE) method presented that allows for ultrafast hyphenated to flow-injection analysis mass spectrometry (FIA-MS). Four model compounds, i.e., propranolol, amitriptyline, bupivacaine, oxeladin, were used optimize evaluate method. Within only 30 s extraction time, enrichment factors (EF) 105-569 recoveries (ER) 10.2%-55.7% achieved these analytes, with limits detection (LODs) ranging from 0.36 3.21 ng mL(-1), good linear response function (R-2 > 0.99), low relative standard deviation (0.6%-17.8%) acceptable accuracy (73-112%). Finally, optimized EE was successfully applied human urine plasma samples. Our simple construct offers ultrafast, online trace amounts analytes biological samples, therefore has great potential analysis. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.